南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (2): 230243.doi: 10.13232/j.cnki.jnju.2024.02.005
摘要:
观测发现热带气旋(TC)边界层中存在龙卷尺度涡旋(TSV),其引起的相关阵风对近地面具有强烈影响.利用WRF?ARW模型,通过对飓风Earl (2010)进行高分辨率的数值试验模拟,分析了TC边界层龙卷尺度涡旋的时空分布特征以及发生发展的可能原因.Earl发展增强过程中,TSV数量随着Earl强度的增强而增加,尤其在最强期间表现最为活跃,一方面TC的增强提供了更强的背景场使得TSV更易生成,另一方面更强的背景场使得长生命期的TSV增加,每一时刻同时存在的TSV也就更多.TSV生成区域随Earl的发展从垂直风切左侧逐渐集中至逆风切左侧,且始终位于RMW内侧近地层次级环流上升支和最大垂直涡度位置附近,这里通常满足垂直切变和水平切变不稳定的必要条件,TSV涡度收支分析的结果表明,对TSV生成发展起主要贡献的是与水平风水平切变相关的拉伸项以及与垂直切变相关的扭转项,这意味着TSV的生成与发展可能与垂直切变不稳定和水平切变不稳定有关.
中图分类号:
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