南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (4): 680.
张依欣1,董少春1*,王晓琪2,尹宏伟1,徐士进1,胡 欢1
Zhang Yixin1,Dong Shaochun1*,Wang Xiaoqi2,Yin Hongwei1,Xu Shijin1,Hu Huan1
摘要: 随着空间技术的不断发展,卫星遥感影像以其高空间覆盖、高分辨率和无损探测等优势在考古遗址的发现中发挥着越来越重要的作用. 对卫星遥感影像的处理主要包括基于像素和面向对象的方法. 基于像素的影像处理方法能够在宏观上识别考古遗址的整体外貌,而面向对象的影像处理方法能够从地物的几何形态、纹理特征、空间分布及其相互关系等方面把握不同遗址类型的特征,从而实现有针对性的分类识别. 阐述了基于像素和面向对象相结合的遥感影像处理方法在考古遗址识别上的应用,并以良渚大型遗址群为例,利用高分辨率WorldView-2卫星的多光谱影像和全色波段影像、TerraSAR-X雷达影像和高精度的数字表面模型(DSM)识别并提取了作为良渚遗址群重要组成部分的城墙和城内的台地,从整体和细节两个方面对考古遗址进行甄别,并将识别结果与良渚古城已有的考古资料进行了对比,遗址识别吻合度达到83.84%. 这一识别结果证明了该研究思路的可靠性,具有很强的实践性,对提高考古遗址的识别精度和准确性、全面把握遗址的分布和类型具有重要意义.
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