基于多源遥感影像的考古遗址识别与分析——以良渚古城为例

南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (4): 680–.

基于多源遥感影像的考古遗址识别与分析——以良渚古城为例

张依欣1，董少春1*，王晓琪2，尹宏伟1，徐士进1，胡　欢1

出版日期:2018-04-30
作者简介:1.南京大学地球科学与工程学院，南京，210023；2.南京大学历史学院，南京，210023
基金资助:
基金项目：国家自然科学基金(41372353，40802080) 收稿日期：2018－03－29 *通讯联系人，E－mail：dsc@nju.edu.cn

Archaeological site identification and analysis using multisource remote sensing images — Take the ancient city of Liangzhu as an example

Zhang Yixin1，Dong Shaochun1*，Wang Xiaoqi2，Yin Hongwei1，Xu Shijin1，Hu Huan1

Online:2018-04-30
About author:1.School of Earth Sciences and Engineering，Nanjing University，Nanjing，210023，China； 2．School of History，Nanjing University，Nanjing，210023，China

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着空间技术的不断发展，卫星遥感影像以其高空间覆盖、高分辨率和无损探测等优势在考古遗址的发现中发挥着越来越重要的作用. 对卫星遥感影像的处理主要包括基于像素和面向对象的方法. 基于像素的影像处理方法能够在宏观上识别考古遗址的整体外貌，而面向对象的影像处理方法能够从地物的几何形态、纹理特征、空间分布及其相互关系等方面把握不同遗址类型的特征，从而实现有针对性的分类识别. 阐述了基于像素和面向对象相结合的遥感影像处理方法在考古遗址识别上的应用，并以良渚大型遗址群为例，利用高分辨率WorldView－2卫星的多光谱影像和全色波段影像、TerraSAR－X雷达影像和高精度的数字表面模型(DSM)识别并提取了作为良渚遗址群重要组成部分的城墙和城内的台地，从整体和细节两个方面对考古遗址进行甄别，并将识别结果与良渚古城已有的考古资料进行了对比，遗址识别吻合度达到83.84%. 这一识别结果证明了该研究思路的可靠性，具有很强的实践性，对提高考古遗址的识别精度和准确性、全面把握遗址的分布和类型具有重要意义．

Abstract: With the continuous development of space technology，satellite remote sensing images have played an increasingly important role in the discovery of archaeological sites due to their high spatial coverage，high resolution and non－destructive detection. The processing of satellite remote sensing images mainly includes pixel－based and object－oriented methods. The pixel－based image processing method can identify the overall appearance of the archaeological site macroscopically，while the object－based image processing method can grasp the characteristics of different types of sites in terms of the geometry，texture features，spatial distribution and their interrelationships，which is beneficial to achieve targeted positioning and identification. In this paper，the application of the method which combines pixel－based and object－oriented remote sensing image processing in the identification of archaeological sites is described. Taking the Liangzhu large－scale sites group as an example，one multispectral image and one panchromatic image of WorldView－2 satellite，one TerraSAR－X radar image and high－precision digital surface model(DSM)are applied to identify and extract the walls and platforms which are important parts of Liangzhu sites group. The result of the identification is highly coincident with the existing archaeological data of the ancient city of Liangzhu and it confirms the reliability of the research idea in this paper，which is of great value to improve the recognition accuracy of archaeological sites and to grasp the distribution of the sites comprehensively.

张依欣1，董少春1*，王晓琪2，尹宏伟1，徐士进1，胡　欢1. 基于多源遥感影像的考古遗址识别与分析——以良渚古城为例[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 54(4): 680–.

Zhang Yixin1，Dong Shaochun1*，Wang Xiaoqi2，Yin Hongwei1，Xu Shijin1，Hu Huan1. Archaeological site identification and analysis using multisource remote sensing images — Take the ancient city of Liangzhu as an example[J]. Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences), 2018, 54(4): 680–.

参考文献

[1]　邓　飚，郭华东. 遥感考古研究综述. 遥感信息，2010(1)：110－116.(Deng B，Guo H D. A review of remote sensing applications in archaeological. Remote Sensing Information，2010(1)：110－116.) [2] Clark A J. Air photo interpretation for archaeologists. Archaeological Journal，1983，140(1)：393－394. [3] Franco L. Ancient Mediterranean harbors：A heritage to preserve. Ocean & Coastal Management，1996，30(2－3)：115－151. [4] Sever T L，Irwin D E. Landscape archaeology：Remote－sensing investigation of the ancient Maya in the Peten rainforest of northern Guatemala. Ancient Mesoamerica，2003，14(1)：113－122. [5] Evans D，Traviglia A. Uncovering Angkor：Integrated remote sensing applications in the archaeology of early Cambodia ∥ Lasaponara R，Masini N. Satellite Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing. Dordrecht：Springer，2012，16：197－230. [6] Agapiou A，Alexakis D D，Sarris A，et al. Orthogonal equations of multi－spectral satellite imagery for the identification of un－excavated archaeological sites. Remote Sensing，2013，5(12)：6560－6586. [7] 周小虎，谭克龙，万余庆等. 现代遥感技术在秦始皇陵考古研究中的应用. 现代地质，2007，21(1)：157－162.(Zhou X H，Tan K L，Wan Y Q，et al. Application of remote sensing technology on archaeological study of Qin Shihuang’s mausoleum. Geoscience，2007，21(1)：157－162.) [8] 张晶晶. 遥感技术“复原”消失的新疆古长城. 大众考古，2017(3)：95.(Zhang J J. Remote sensing technology “recovery” disappeared ancient wall in Xinjiang. Volkswagen Archaeology，2017(3)：95.) [9] 王宁远. 良渚古城及外围水利系统的遗址调查与发掘. 遗产与保护研究，2016，1(5)：102－110.(Wang N Y. Survey and excavation of the water conservancy system in Liangzhu city and surroundings. Research on Heritages and Preservation，2016，1(5)：102－110.) [10] 刘　慧，俞吉吉，朱　婧等. 良渚遗址考古将改写中国文明史，也将改写世界文明史. http: ∥ ent.zjol.com.cn/zixun/201712/t20171213_6043291.shtml，2017－12－14.(Liu H，Yu J J，Zhu J，et al. Liangzhu archaeological site will rewrite the history of Chinese civilization，and will also rewrite the history of world civilization.http: ∥ ent.zjol.com.cn/zixun/201712/t20171213_6043291.shtml，2017－12－14.) [11] 黄志宏. 城市居住区空间结构模式的演变. 博士学位论文. 中国社会科学院研究生院，2005.(Huang Z H. Changes of spatial structure patterns of urban residential areas. Ph. D. Dissertation. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，2005.) [12] 王　筠，邱厚梁. 浅析中国古代城墙的发展及其作用. 江西化工，2007(4)：248－250.(Wang Y，Qiu H L. Analyze the development of Chinese city wall. Jiangxi Chemical Industry，2007(4)：248－250.) [13] 张　立，吴健平. 浙江余杭瓶窑、良渚古城结构的遥感考古. 文　物，2007(2)：74－80.(Zhang L，WU J P. Remote sensing archaeology of the structure of Liangzhu city in Yuhang，Zhejiang. Cultural Relics，2007(2)：74－80.) [14] 刘　斌，王宁远. 数字化手段在大遗址考古工作中的应用——以良渚古城为例. 中国文化遗产，2016(2)：25－29.(Liu B，Wang N Y. Application of digital means in archaeology of large ruins——A case study of Liangzhu ancient city. Chinese Cultural Heritage，2016(2)：25－29.) [15] 张　立，陈中原，刘　演等. 长江三角洲良渚古城、大型水利工程的兴起和环境地学的意义. 中国科学：地球科学，2014，44(5)：957－966.(Zhang L，Chen Z Y，Liu Y，et al. The emergence of the ancient city Liangzhu with large－scale hydrological development in the Yangtze Delta and its bearings on environmental geography. Scientia Sinica Terrae，2014，44(5)：957－966.) [16] Watanabe N，Nakamura S，Liu B，et al. Utilization of Structure from Motion for processing CORONA satellite images：Application to mapping and interpretation of archaeological features in Liangzhu Culture，China. Archaeological Research in Asia，2017，11：38－50. [17] 王宁远，刘　斌. 杭州市良渚古城外围水利系统的考古调查. 考　古，2015(1)：3－13.(Wang N Y，Liu B. The Survey of the water control engineering on the periphery of the Liangzhu ancient city in Hangzhou. Archaeology，2015(1)：3－13.) [18] 刘　斌. 杭州市余杭区良渚古城遗址2006～2007年的发掘. 考　古，2008(7)：3－10.(Liu B. 2006－2007 exca－vation on the Liangzhu city－site in Yuhang district，Hangzhou city. Archaeology，2008(7)：3－10.) [19] 张明华. 良渚玉符试探. 文　物，1990(12)：32－36，92.(Zhang M H. Probe the jade of Liangzhu. Cultural Relics，1990(12)：32－36，92.) [20] 刘　斌，王宁远，郑云飞等. 2006－2013年良渚古城考古的主要收获. 东南文化，2014(2)：31－38，67.(Liu B，Wang N Y，Zheng Y F，et al. Findings of archaeological survey of prehistoric city at Liangzhu during 2006－2013. Southeast Culture，2014(2)：31－38，67.) [21] Lasaponara R，Masini N. Satellite remote sensing－a new tool for archaeology. Springer Netherlands，2012. [22] 李晓玲. 基于TerraSAR－X和CBERS影像融合的水体信息自动提取研究. 硕士学位论文. 成都：西南交通大学，2010.(Li X L. Merging Terrasar－X and CBERS images for automatic extraction of water body information. Master Dissertation. Chengdu：Southwest Jiaotong University，2010.) [23] 常　昌. 图像特征提取方法研究及应用. 硕士学位论文. 武汉：华中科技大学，2009.(Chang C. The study on feature extraction of image and application. Master Dissertation. Wuhan：Huazhong University of Science and Tech－nology，2009.)　 [24] Masini N，Lasaponara R. Airborne Lidar in archaeology：Overview and a case study ∥ Murgante B，Misra S，Carlini M，et al. Computational Science and Its Applications－ICCSA 2013. Springer Berlin Heidelberg，2013：663－676.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed