南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2012, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 689700.
黄帅,江静**
Huang Shuai,Jiang Jing
摘要: 本文利用我国1959-2008年522个站6- 9月逐口最高气温资料,运用扩展经验正交函数分
解(EEOF)研究了我国持续性高温事件的时空分布特征,并分析了我国南方地区典型持续高温事件的演
变过程.结果表明,我国高温事件主要发生在东南部和新疆地区,而华北和东北地区相对较少,西藏、青
海、四川西部地区基木没有高温事件出现.南方地区前三个特征场分别表现为整体区域一致性、长江以
南和长江以北的反相分布以及华东与华南、华中、重庆等地的东西向反相变化.西北地区第一、二模态表
现为南北向的反相变化,且第一模态表现为新疆北部变化显著,第二模态表现为南部变化显著,而第三
模态主要为东西反相变化特征.北方地区前三个模态分别表现为整体区域变化的一致性、南部和北部的
反相变化、东部和西部的反相变化特征.2000年以来南方高温持续时间相对较短,但华南和华东地区高
温持续时间增长.我国南方地区持续性高温事件有通类典型演变过程:第1类持续高温事件主要影响我
国的华中、华南以及重庆和四川东部地区,高温中心位于重庆和湖南西部地区,这类事件开始于湖南西
南部,然后向东向北发展到最强后西退,消失在广西境内;第2类事件影响我国南方的大部分地区,高温
中心位于湖北和安徽地区,这是一类高温强、范围广、持续时间长得事件,但在整个发展过程中对华南地
区影响比较小,这一类事件开始于浙江北部,然后向西发展,最后在四川东部结束;第3类事件主要影响
长江以南地区,高温中心位于浙江地区,事件起自浙江地区,然后向西发展,最后在江浙交界地区消亡;
第4类始于浙江北部,主体向西南方向发展,影响两广地区后向西收缩,在广西地区消亡.
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