南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (6): 1077–1084.doi: 10.13232/j.cnki.jnju.2023.06.017

• • 上一篇    

乙基纤维素电纺纤维调控PDMS/CNT柔性复合材料性能的研究

王鼎, 许睿, 何磊, 窦柳皓, 崔举庆(), 冯富奇, 刘方方   

  1. 南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院，南京，210037
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-24 出版日期:2023-11-30 发布日期:2023-12-06
  • 通讯作者: 崔举庆 E-mail:cuijq@njfu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31470590)

Properties of PDMS/CNT flexible composite materials improved with ethyl cellulose electrospinning fiber

Ding Wang, Rui Xu, Lei He, Liuhao Dou, Juqing Cui(), Fuqi Feng, Fangfang Liu   

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering，Nanjing Forestry University，Nanjing, 210037，China
  • Received:2023-10-24 Online:2023-11-30 Published:2023-12-06
  • Contact: Juqing Cui E-mail:cuijq@njfu.edu.cn

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摘要：

研究了乙基纤维素（EC）电纺纤维调控PDMS/CNT柔性复合材料的力学和电学性能.结果表明，引入电纺EC纤维后，PDMS/CNT柔性复合材料的拉伸强度从1.73 MPa提高至3.97 MPa，断裂应变由86.56%提高到115.00%，韧性由0.61 MJ·m-3提高到1.58 MJ·m-3；有缺口PDMS/CNT柔性复合材料的拉伸强度从0.34 MPa提高至1.57 MPa，断裂应变由18.85%提高到27.54%，韧性由0.04 MJ·m-3提高到0.27 MJ·m-3；导电电阻由550 kΩ下降至228 kΩ，导电性上升.基于EC电纺纤维调控的PDMS/CNT复合材料组装的应力传感器灵敏度和循环稳定性获得了有效提升，引入1 wt% EC电纺纤维后，柔性应力传感器的灵敏度从0.341 kPa-1提高至4.922 kPa-1，提升了14倍，引入电纺EC纤维后的传感器循环电阻变化率曲线变得相对更加规整，异常波动更小.

关键词: PDMS, 乙基纤维素, 碳纳米管, 电纺纤维, 柔性应力传感器

Abstract:

In this paper，the mechanical and electrical properties of PDMS/CNT flexible composites controlled by ethyl cellulose (EC) electrospun fiber were studied. The results showed that after the introduction of electrospun EC fibers，the tensile strength of PDMS/CNT flexible composite materials increased from 1.73 MPa to 3.97 MPa，the fracture strain increased from 86.56% to 115.00%，and the toughness increased from 0.61 MJ·m-3 to 1.58 MJ·m-3; The tensile strength of the notched PDMS/CNT flexible composite material increased from 0.34 MPa to 1.57 MPa，the fracture strain increased from 18.85% to 40.12%，and the toughness increased from 0.04 MJ·m-3 to 0.27 MJ·m-3; The conductive resistance decreased from 550 kΩ to 228 kΩ，and the conductivity increased. The stress sensor sensitivity and cyclic stability of PDMS/CNT composite material assembly based on EC electrospun fiber regulation have been effectively improved. After introducing 1 wt% EC electrospun fiber，the sensitivity of the flexible stress sensor has been increased from 0.341 kPa-1 to 4.922 kPa-1，a 14 fold increase，after the introduction of electrospun EC fibers，the cyclic resistance change rate curve of the sensor becomes relatively more regular，with less abnormal fluctuations.

Key words: PDMS, ethyl cellulose, carbon nanotubes, electrospun fibers, flexible stress sensors

中图分类号: 

  • O632.6

图1

乙基纤维素电纺纤维形貌和直径分布图"

图2

电纺EC纤维含量调控PDMS/CNT复合材料的应力?应变曲线"

表1

电纺EC纤维含量调控PDMS/CNT复合材料的力学性能"

样品

拉伸强度

（MPa）

断裂应变

韧性

（MJ·m-3）

PDMS/CNT⁃71.7386.56%0.61
PDMS/CNT⁃7/ECNF⁃12.46115.00%1.30
PDMS/CNT⁃7/ECNF⁃33.0999.42%1.44
PDMS/CNT⁃7/ECNF⁃53.9797.80%1.58

图3

电纺EC纤维含量调控PDMS/CNT复合材料的应力?应变曲线（有缺口）"

表2

电纺EC纤维含量调控PDMS/CNT复合材料的抗断裂性能"

样品

拉伸强度

（MPa）

断裂应变

韧性

（kJ·m-3）

PDMS/CNT⁃70.3418.85%0.04
PDMS/CNT⁃7/ECNF⁃10.7819.60%0.11
PDMS/CNT⁃7/ECNF⁃31.4227.54%0.26
PDMS/CNT⁃7/ECNF⁃51.5725.40%0.27

图4

电纺EC纤维含量调控PDMS/CNT复合材料的导电电阻"

图5

电纺EC纤维含量调控PDMS/CNT柔性应力传感器灵敏度：(a) EC纤维含量为0；(b) EC纤维含量为1 wt%；(c) EC纤维含量为3 wt%；(d) EC纤维含量为5 wt%"

图6

电纺EC纤维含量调控PDMS/CNT柔性应力传感器循环稳定性：(a) EC纤维含量为0；(b) EC纤维含量为1 wt%；(c) EC纤维含量为3 wt%；(d) EC纤维含量为5 wt%"

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