碱性Cd污染农田原位稳定化修复研究

南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2016, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (4): 601–.

碱性Cd污染农田原位稳定化修复研究

张庆泉，尹　颖*，杜文超，郭红岩

出版日期:2016-07-23 发布日期:2016-07-23
作者简介:南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室，南京，210023
基金资助:
收稿日期：2016－03－30 *通讯联系人，Email：yinying@nju.edu.cn

Stabilization of cadmium in alkaline soil

Zhang Qingquan，Yin Ying*，Du Wenchao，Guo Hongyan

Online:2016-07-23 Published:2016-07-23
About author:State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse，School of the Environment，Nanjing University，Nanjing，210023，China

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 围绕碱性农田重金属Cd污染原位稳定化修复技术，通过实验室小试筛选出以椰壳生物炭为核心材料的稳定剂应用于修复重金属Cd污染的碱性土壤，并进一步探究了施加稳定剂对于小麦生长的影响．研究结果表明，随着稳定剂施加量的增加重金属Cd钝化效果显著增加，在施加量为2%时，椰壳生物炭对土壤有效态Cd钝化率达到99.08%，远高于木质生物炭、硅肥以及钙镁磷肥．稳定化修复后，土壤中Cd由生物可利用性较高的形态向稳定的结合态转化，降低土壤环境风险．此外椰壳生物炭的施加还可以促进小麦生长，降低小麦体内Cd含量，稳定剂施加量为1.5%时，与对照组相比小麦根中Cd含量降低64.31%，地上部Cd含量降低69.60%.本研究筛选的椰壳生物炭作为稳定剂不仅能够实现Cd污染碱性农田的持效性修复，还能够显著改善土壤结构并提高土壤肥力，促进小麦生长，为以后该技术在我国北方大面积重金属污染碱性农田的修复及规模化应用提供支持．

Abstract: Heavy metal contamination in soil is seriously threating the grain production and food safety，constraining the sustainable development of the economy and society.There have been a lot of studies about remediation of heavy metals in acidic soil，but little is known about the insitu stabilized remediation of cadmium(Cd)in alkaline soil.In this study，we chose eight different stabilizers(fused calciummagnesium phosphate，silicon fertilizer，lime，coconut shell biochar，rice straw biochar，wood biochar，peach pit biochar and bamboo biochar)，applied them to the remediation of the alkaline soil contaminated with Cd，screened out the more effective stabilizers，and checked their ecological risk using wheat.Results show that all the stabilizers applied could induce dosedependent passivation effect on Cd in soil，but coconut shell biochar is more effective than other seven stabilizers.2.0% coconut shell biochar in soil stabilized up to 99.08% of available Cd，and could remain the bioavailable Cd at a relative low level for more than 250 days.In addition，the application of coconut shell biochar also promoted the wheat growth and decreased Cd concentrations in wheat.1.5% coconut shell biochar in soil decreased the Cd concentrations in root and shoot by 64.31% and 69.60% respectively when compared with the control group.By speciation analysis，coconut shell biochar showed its ability in transforming Cd from the bioavailable form to the stable form in soil.It decreased the proportion of watersoluble and exchangeable forms of Cd and increased that of organicbound and residual forms.Results prove that coconut shell biochar could not only remediate the Cd contaminated alkaline soil in longterm，but also significantly improve the soil conditions and promote the plant growth.

张庆泉，尹　颖*，杜文超，郭红岩 . 碱性Cd污染农田原位稳定化修复研究[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 52(4): 601–.

Zhang Qingquan，Yin Ying*，Du Wenchao，Guo Hongyan . Stabilization of cadmium in alkaline soil[J]. Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences), 2016, 52(4): 601–.

参考文献

[1]　蓝颖春．“中国耕地体检表”解读．地　球，2015，8：32－34.(Lan Y C．The interpretation of “China’s cultivated land health declaration”．The Earth，2015，8：32－34.) [2] Koptsik G N．Modern approaches to remediation of heavy metal polluted soils：A review.Eurasian Soil Science，2014，47(7)：707－722. [3] 周　慜，张　萌，陆友伟等．土壤中Pb、Cd的稳定化修复技术研究进展．环境污染与防治，2015，37(5)：83－89.(Zhou M，Zhang M，Lu Y，et al.A review on remediation of lead and cadmium in soil using stabilization technologies.Environmental Pollution and Control，2015，37(5)：83－89.) [4] Malviya R，Chaudhary R．Factors affecting hazardous waste solidification/stabilization：A review.Journal of Hazardous Materials，2006，137(1)：267－276. [5] Guo G，Zhou Q，Ma L Q．Availability and assessment of fixing additives for the in situ remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils：A review.Environmental Monitoring & Assessment，2006，116(1－3)：513－528. [6] Cui H，Fan Y，Xu L，et al.Sustainability of in situ remediation of Cuand Cdcontaminated soils with onetime application of amendments in Guixi，China.Journal of Soils & Sediments，2016，16(5)：1498－1508. [7] 王永强，蔡信德，肖立中．多金属污染农田土壤固化/稳定化修复研究进展．南方农业学报，2009，40(7)：881－888.(Wang Y Q，Cai X D，Xiao L Z．Advances in immobilization/stabilization remediation in situ for heavy metal contaminated farmland soils.Journal of Southern Agriculture，2009，40(7)：881－888.) [8] Houben D，Pircar J，Sonnet P．Heavy metal immobilization by costeffective amendments in a contaminated soil：Effects on metal leaching and phytoavailability.Journal of Geochemical Exploration，2012，123(12)：87－94. [9] Clemente R，Walker D J，Roig A，et al.Heavy metal bioavailability in a soil affected by mineral sulphides contamination following the mine spillage at Aznalcóllar(Spain)．Biodegradation，2003，14(3)：199－205. [10] 杨惟薇，张超兰，曹美珠等.4种生物炭对镉污染潮土钝化修复效果研究．水土保持学报，2015，29(1)：239－243.(Yang W W，Zhang C L，Cao M Z，et al.Immobilization and remediation of cadmium contaminated soil with four kinds of biochars.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation，2015，29(1)：239－243.) [11] Dumroese R K，Heiskanen J，Englund K，et al.Pelleted biochar：Chemical and physical properties show potential use as a substrate in container nurseries.Biomass & Bioenergy，2011，35(5)：2018－2027. [12] 陈桂芬，雷　静，黄雁飞等．广西稻田镉污染状况及硅对稻米镉的消减作用．南方农业学报，2015，46(5)：772－776.(Chen G F，Lei J，Huang Y F，et al.Status of heavy metal contamination of paddy soil in Guangxi and effect of silicon fertilizer to reduce Cd content of brown rice.Journal of Southern Agriculture，2015，46(5)：772－776.) [13] Tessier A，Campbell P G C，Bisson M．Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals.Analytical Chemistry，1979，51(7)：844－851. [14] Bolan N S，Adriano D C，Duraisamy P，et al.Immobilization and phytoavailability of cadmium in variable charge soils.III.Effect of biosolid compost addition.Plant & Soil，2003，256(1)：231－241. [15] 蔡德龙，陈常友，小林均．硅肥对水稻镉吸收影响初探．地域研究与开发，2000，19(4)：69－71.(Cai D L，Chen C Y，Xiao L J．The influence of the silicon fertilizer on the Cd absorption by paddy.Areal Research and Development，2000，19(4)：69－71.) [16] Dumroese R K，Heiskanen J，Englund K，et al.Pelleted biochar Chemical and physical properties show potential use as a substrate in container nurseries.Biomass & Bioenergy，2011，35(5)：2018－2027. [17] 张千丰，王光华．生物炭理化性质及对土壤改良效果的研究进展．土壤与作物，2012，1(4)：219－226.(Zhang Q F，Wang G H．Research progress of physiochemical properties of biochar and its effects as soil amendments.Soil and Crop，2012，1(4)：219－226.) [18] Sohi S P，Krull E，LopezCapel E，et al.Chapter 2A review of biochar and its use and function in soil.Advances in Agronomy，2010，105(1)：47－82. [19] Angin D，Köse T E，Selengil U．Production and characterization of activated carbon prepared from safflower seed cake biochar and its ability to absorb reactive dyestuff.Applied Surface Science，2013，280(5)：705－710. [20] 杜天庆，杨锦忠，郝建平等．小麦不同生育时期Cd、Cr、Pb污染监测指标体系．生态学报，2010，30(7)：1845－1852.(Du T Q，Yang J Z，Hao J P，et al.The pollution monitoring index system of wheat at different growth stages under the stress of Cd，Cr and Pb.Acta Ecologica Sinica，2010，30(7)：1845－1852.) [21] 贾　夏，周春娟，董岁明．镉胁迫对小麦的影响及小麦对镉毒害响应的研究进展．麦类作物学报，2011，31(4)：786－792.(Jia X，Zhou C J，Dong S M．Progress of research on the effects of Cd2＋ stress on wheat and the response of wheat to Cd2＋.Journal of Triticeae Crops，2011，31(4)：786－792.) [22] Ardestani M M，Ortiz M D，Gestel C A M V．Influence of Ca and pH on the uptake and effects of Cd in Folsomia candida exposed to simplified soil solutions.Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry，2013，32(8)：1759－1767.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed