南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (2): 196–204.doi: 10.13232/j.cnki.jnju.2022.02.002

• • 上一篇    

独立式开口边框有源降噪系统设计

陈阳, 陶建成()   

  1. 近代声学教育部重点实验室，南京大学声学研究所，南京，210093
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-16 出版日期:2022-03-30 发布日期:2022-04-02
  • 通讯作者: 陶建成 E-mail:jctao@nju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:E⁃mail：jctao@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(11874218)

Design of an independent active noise control system on the boundary of an opening

Yang Chen, Jiancheng Tao()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics，Ministry of Education，Institute of Acoustics，Nanjing University，Nanjing，210093，China
  • Received:2021-06-16 Online:2022-03-30 Published:2022-04-02
  • Contact: Jiancheng Tao E-mail:jctao@nju.edu.cn

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摘要：

合理使用有源噪声控制技术，有望兼顾建筑开口的自然通风和低频降噪.针对面积较大的开口，实施多通道有源噪声控制时，全耦合式系统的复杂度和成本随通道数目的增多而急剧增加.研究布放在开口边框的四通道有源噪声控制系统的降噪和收敛性能，首先对次级源和误差传声器位置进行优化，再通过基于特征值修正的方法改善独立式系统收敛性，最后实验验证所设计系统的性能.针对尺寸为0.5 m×0.5 m的开口，可以使用四通道的独立式边框控制系统在频率550 Hz以下实现有效降噪.

关键词: 有源噪声控制, 开口边框, 独立式控制, 收敛性

Abstract:

Active noise control (ANC) system is expected to achieve effective low frequency noise reduction while ensuring natural ventilation for the openings if properly designed. For large openings，the complexity and cost of the fully coupled ANC system grow rapidly with the number of control channels when a multichannel system is implemented. The noise reduction and convergence of a 4?channel ANC system placed at the boundary of a square opening is investigated. Firstly，the location of secondary sources and error microphones is optimized. Then an eigenvalue shaping method is employed to improve the convergence of independent system. At last，experiments are conducted to verify the performance of designed system. Effective noise reduction can be achieved with a 4?channel boundary ANC system with independent control strategy，when the noise frequency is below 550 Hz and the area of opening is 0.5 m×0.5 m.

Key words: active noise control, opening boundary, independent control, convergence

中图分类号: 

  • O429

图1

墙体上矩形开口及声场分布示意图(a)墙体上矩形开口示意图；(b)声源位于开口外时声场分布；(c)声源位于开口内时声场分布"

图2

次级源的两种布放方式及其对降噪量的影响（a）位于四边中点；（b）位于四个顶点；（c）不同入射角度下两种布放方式的降噪量"

图3

误差传声器位置对降噪量的影响(a)误差传声器深度和布放方式对降噪量的影响；(b)不同入射角下误差传声器采用中点布放时系统的降噪量"

图4

开口中的四通道独立式系统"

图5

独立式系统的收敛特性(a) β=0，l=0.145 m时矩阵ZdH+βI的特征值实部最小值及符号；(b)不同步长下200 Hz和475 Hz初级噪声的声压级收敛曲线"

图6

修正前后独立式系统在475 Hz的收敛特性(a) 475 Hz处矩阵ZdHZ的特征值在相位修正前后的分布；(b) 475 Hz初级噪声在修正前后的收敛曲线"

图7

实验装置（a）实验装置侧视图；（b）实验装置俯视图"

图8

耦合式控制下降噪前后评价点声压级与透射声功率级（a）降噪前后评价点声压级；（b）降噪前后透射声功率级"

图9

实验测得的耦合式控制下降噪前后评价点声压级"

图10

实验测得的降噪前后评价点在修正后独立式与耦合式控制下的声压级（a）初级噪声为单频；（b）初级噪声为宽带"

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