FRFT域内的海杂波多重分形特性与目标检测

南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 731–.

FRFT域内的海杂波多重分形特性与目标检测

顾智敏，张兴敢*，王　琼

出版日期:2017-08-02 发布日期:2017-08-02
作者简介: 南京大学电子科学与工程学院，南京，210023
基金资助:
基金项目：江苏省基础研究计划(BK20151391)
收稿日期：2017－04－17
*通讯联系人，E－mail：zhxg@nju.edu.cn

Multifractal property and target detection of sea clutter in FRFT domain

Gu Zhimin，Zhang Xinggan*，Wang Qiong

Online:2017-08-02 Published:2017-08-02
About author: School of Electronic Science and Engineering，Nanjing University，Nanjing，210023，China

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 如何从海杂波中检测小目标是雷达信号处理研究中的一个热点问题．海杂波具有多重分形特性，利用海杂波和目标回波分形特性的不同进行区分：海杂波的复杂性决定了其分形维值一般较大，而海面目标由于表面规则平滑而分形维值较小．实际检测小目标时，海杂波较强，需要对其进行抑制，提高信杂比．分数阶傅里叶变换(Fractional fourier transform，FRFT)是一种提高信杂比(Signal to clutter ratio，SCR)的良好方法：动目标经过FRFT后，在最佳变换域可形成峰值，而海杂波难以积累出有效峰值．结合这些特性，本文提出了在FRFT域内多重分形特性联合检测小目标的方法．在多重分形基础上，比较了时域和FRFT域分形维轨迹，证明了FRFT能有效聚集目标单元能量，加大了纯海杂波与目标的差异．将FRFT域多重分形维和截距联合起来作为检测小目标的二维判决空间，用实测数据证明了海杂波和小目标在判决空间存在明显的差异性，验证了本文所提方法有效地提高了海杂波中小目标检测的能力．

Abstract: How to detect small targets from sea clutter is a hot issue in radar signal processing.The sea clutter has multiple fractal characteristics and the small target detection is carried out by using different fractal characteristics between sea clutter and the target echo.The complexity of the sea clutter determines that the fractal dimension is generally larger and fractal dimension of target is smaller due to the smoothness of the surface.When detecting small targets，the sea clutter is strong and need to be suppressed.Fractional Fourier Transform(FRFT)is a good way to improve the signal to clutter ratio(SCR)．After the FRFT of the moving target，the peak can be formed in the best transform domain.But the sea clutter is difficult to accumulate the effective peak.Combined with these characteristics，this paper proposes a method of combining multifractal features in FRFT domain.On the basis of multifractal characteristic，this paper compares the fractal dimension of time domain and FRFT domain，which proves that FRFT can effectively gather the energy of target unit and increases the difference between pure sea clutter and target unit.The multifractal dimension and intercept in FRFT domain are combined as a two－dimensional decision space for detecting small targets.Simulation with data of Ice Multiparameter Imaging X－Band Radar，the results proves that there is a significant difference between the sea clutter and the small target in the decision space.Meanwhile，it is verified that the method proposed in this paper can effectively improve the ability of small target detection in sea clutter.

顾智敏，张兴敢*，王　琼. FRFT域内的海杂波多重分形特性与目标检测[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 53(4): 731–.

Gu Zhimin，Zhang Xinggan*，Wang Qiong. Multifractal property and target detection of sea clutter in FRFT domain[J]. Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences), 2017, 53(4): 731–.

参考文献

[1]　丁　昊，董云龙，刘宁波等．海杂波特性认知研究进展与展望．雷达学报，2016，5(5)：499－516.(Ding H，Dong Y L，Liu N B，et al.Overview and prospects of research on sea clutter property cognition.Journal of Radars，2016，5(5)：499－516.)
[2] Luo F，Zhang D T，Zhang B．The fractal properties of sea clutter and their applications in maritime target detection.IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters，2013，10(6)：1295－1299.
[3] 王福友，罗　钉，季亚新等．海杂波多分形特性分析及小目标检测技术研究．信号处理，2013，29(2)：239－248.(Wang F Y，Luo D，Ji Y X，et al.Multifractal analysis of sea clutter and small target detection.Journal of Signal Processing，2013，29(2)：239－248.)
[4] 范一飞，罗　丰，李　明等．海杂波AR谱多重分形特性及微弱目标检测方法．电子与信息学报，2016，38(2)：455－463.(Fan Y F，Luo F，Li M，et al.The Multifractal properties of AR spectrum and weak target detection in sea clutter background.Journal of Electronics & Information Technology，2016，38(2)：455－463.)
[5] Ding H，Wang G Q，Guan J．Analysis of sea clutter fractal property and target detection based on fit error.In：2012 IEEE Asia－Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation(APCAP)．Singapore，Singapore：IEEE，2012：323－324.
[6] Xu X K．Low observable targets detection by joint fractal properties of sea clutter：An Experimental Study of IPIX OHGR Datasets.IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation，2010，58(4)：1425－1429.
[7] Guan J，Liu N B，Huang Y，et al.Fractal characteristic in frequency domain for target detection within sea clutter.Iet Radar，Sonar & Navigation，2012，6(5)：293－306.
[8] 关　键，刘宁波，黄　勇等．雷达目标检测的分形理论及应用．北京：电子工业出版社，2011，182－194.(Guan J，Liu N B，Huang Y，et al.Fractal Theory and Applicationof Radar Target Detection.Beijing：Publishing House of Electronics Industry，2011，182－194.)
[9] 刘宁波，王国庆，包中华等．海杂波FRFT谱的多重分形特性与目标检测．信号处理，2013，29(1)：1－9.(Liu N B，Wang G Q，Bao Z H，et al.Multifractal property of sea clutter FRFT spectrum for target detection.Journal of Signal Processing，2013，29(1)：1－9.)
[10] 行鸿彦，张　强，徐　伟．海杂波FRFT域的分形特征分析及小目标检测方法．物理学报，2015，64(11)：35－43.(Xing H Y，Zhang Q，Xu W．Fractal property of sea clutter FRFT spectrum for small target detection.Acta Physica Sinica，2015，64(11)：35－43.)
[11] 王　磊，金　丹，察　豪．实测海杂波数据的多重分形特性分析．现代雷达，2016，38(10)：32－35.(Wang L，Jin D，Cha H．Multifractal analysis of measured sea clutter data.Modern Radar，2016，38(10)：32－35.)
[12] 刘允峰，索继东，柳晓鸣．改进的分形检测海面漂浮小目标方法．电讯技术，2016，56(9)：976－981.(Liu Y F，Suo J D，Liu X M．An improved fractal approach for detection of weak targets floating on sea clutter.Telecommunication Engineering，2016，56(9)：976－981.)
[13] 邵　岩．分数阶傅里叶变换算法的应用研究．硕士学位论文．哈尔滨：哈尔滨理工大学，2016.(Shao Y．The application of fractional fourier transform in signal analysis.Master Dissertation.Harbin：Harbin University of Science and Technology，2016.)
[14] 赵　健，雷　蕾，蒲小勤．分形理论及其在信号处理中的应用．北京：清华大学出版社，2008，36－45.(Zhao J，Lei L，Pu X Q．Fractal Theory and its application in signal processing.Beijing：Tsinghua University Press，2008，36－45.)
[15] Haykin S．The Dartmouth databaseof IPIX radar.http：//soma.ece.mcmaster.ca/ipix/dartmouth/index.html，2001－06－08.
[16] 陈小龙，刘宁波，宋　杰等．海杂波FRFT域分形特征判别及动目标检测方法．电子与信息学报，2011，33(4)：823－830.(Chen X L，Liu N B，Song J，et al.Fractal feature discriminant of sea clutter in FRFT domain and moving target detection algorithm.Journal of Electronics & Information Technology，2011，33(4)：823－830.)

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed