含有相变的流体力学模型与Au－Au在RHIC能量碰撞中带电粒子的横动量与横质量谱

南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 715–.

含有相变的流体力学模型与Au－Au在RHIC能量碰撞中带电粒子的横动量与横质量谱

姜志进*，惠加琪，张　禹

出版日期:2017-08-02 发布日期:2017-08-02
作者简介: 上海理工大学理学院，上海，200093
基金资助:
基金项目：上海市现代光学系统重点实验室资助项目
收稿日期：2016－12－30
*通讯联系人，E－mail：Jzj265@163.com

A hydrodynamic model including phase transition and the transverse momentum and transverse mass spectra of charged particle in Au－Au collisions at RHIC energies

Jiang Zhijin*，Hui Jiaqi，Zhang Yu

Online:2017-08-02 Published:2017-08-02
About author: College of Science，University of Shanghai for Science and Technology，Shanghai，200093，China

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 普遍认为夸克－胶子等离子体(QGP)在现有的重离子碰撞中可能已经形成，且相对论流体力学是描述碰撞产物膨胀与粒子化过程最有效的工具之一．在考虑到热运动效应的情况下，采用含有由QGP态到强子态相变的流体力学模型分析重离子碰撞中不同带电粒子的横动量与横质量谱，给出该模型的解析解并与实验数据相比较．理论结果与Au－Au在RHIC能量碰撞中的实验测量符合得较好．除了其解析性，该理论模型的典型特点是它包含着高能重离子碰撞产物丰富的时空演化信息，如碰撞产物的初始温度、相变温度、带电粒子的化学冻析温度、QGP与强子态中的声速及重子化学势等．所以本文的研究工作，有利于了解高温高密度碰撞产物的各种传输系数与带电粒子的产生机制．

Abstract: It is widely believed that the quark－gluon plasma(QGP)might be formed in the current heavy ion collisions.It is also widely recognized that the relativistic hydrodynamics is one of the best tools for describing the process of expansion and particlization of the matter created in collisions.In this paper，by taking into account the effect of thermal motion，a hydrodynamic model including the phase transition from QGP state to hadronic state was used to analyze the transverse momentum and transverse mass spectra of different charged particles produced in heavy ion collisions.The analytical solutions of the model were presented which were then compared with experimental data.The theoretical results are in good accordance with experimental measurements in Au－Au collisions at RHIC energies.Besides the analyticity，the typical feature of this theoretical model is that it contains a rich information about the spatiotemporal evolution of the matter created in high energy heavy ion collisions，such as the initial temperature of produced matter，the phase transition temperature，the chemical freeze－out temperature，the sound speed in QGP and in hadronic phase and the baryochemical potential.Hence，the investigations of this work may help us understand various transport coefficients of hot and dense matter created in collisions and the generation mechanism of charged particles.

姜志进*，惠加琪，张　禹. 含有相变的流体力学模型与Au－Au在RHIC能量碰撞中带电粒子的横动量与横质量谱[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 53(4): 715–.

Jiang Zhijin*，Hui Jiaqi，Zhang Yu. A hydrodynamic model including phase transition and the transverse momentum and transverse mass spectra of charged particle in Au－Au collisions at RHIC energies[J]. Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences), 2017, 53(4): 715–.

参考文献

[1]　Laermann E，Philipsen O．Status of lattice QCD at finite temperature.Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science，2003，53：163－198.
[2] Bjorken J D．Highly relativistic nucleus－nucleus collisions：The central rapidity region.Physical Review D，1983，27：140－151.
[3] Adcox K，Adler S S，Ajitanand N N，et al.Measurement of the midrapidity transverse energy distribution from sNN＝130 GeV Au＋Au Collisions at RHIC.Physical Review Letters，2001，87(5)：052301.
[4] Arsene I，Bearden I G，Beavis D，et al.Quark－gluon plasma and color glass condensate at RHIC？The Perspective from the BRAHMS Experiment.Nuclear Physics A，2005，757(1－2)：1－27.
[5] PHOBOS Collaboration，Back B B，Baker M D，et al.The PHOBOS perspective on discoveries at RHIC.Nuclear Physics A，2005，757(1－2)：28－101.
[6] STAR Collaboration，Adams J，Aggarwal M M，et al.Experimental and theoretical challenges in the search for the quark－gluon plasma：The STAR Collaboration’s critical assessment of the evidence from RHIC collisions.Nuclear Physics A，2005，757(1－2)：102－183.
[7] PHENIX Collaboration，Adcox K，Adler S S，et al.Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus－nucleus collisions at RHIC：Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX Collaboration.Nuclear Physics A，2005，757(1－2)：184－283.
[8] British－French－Scandinavian Collaboration，Albrow M G，Almehed S，et al.Studies of proton－proton collisions at the CERN ISR with an identified charged hadron of high transverse momentum at 90°：(Ⅱ)On the distribution of charged particles in the central region.Nuclear Physics B，1978，145(2－3)：305－348.
[9] Fowler G N，Friedlander E M，Weiner A R，et al.Possible manifestation of quark－gluon plasma in multiplicity distributions from high－energy reactions.Physical Review Letters，1989，57(17)：2119－2122.　
[10] Friedlander E M，Weiner R M．Evidence from very large transverse momenta of a change with temperature of velocity of sound in hadronic matter.Physical Review Letters，1979，43(1)：15－18.　
[11] Lévai P，Müller B．Transverse baryon flow as possible evidence for a quark－gluon－plasma phase.Physical Review Letters，1991，67(12)：1519－1522.　
[12] Alexopoulos T，Allen C，Anderson E W，et al.Mass－identified particle production in proton－antiproton collisions at sNN＝300，540，1000，and 1800 GeV.Physical Review D，1993，48(3)：984－997.
[13] Adamczyk L，Adkins J K，Agakishicv G，et al.Centrality dependence of identified particle elliptic flow in relativistic heavy ion collisions at sNN＝7.7～62.4 GeV.Physical Review C，2016，93(1)：014907.
[14] Chatrchyan S，Khachatryan V，Sirunyan A M，et al.Measurement of the elliptic anisotropy of charged particles produced in PbPb collisions at sNN＝2.76 TeV.Physical Review C，2013，87(1)：014902.
[15] Adam J，Adamová D，Aggarwal M M，et al.Anisotropic flow of charged particles in Pb－Pb collisions at sNN＝5.02 TeV.Physical Review Letters，2016，116(13)：132302.
[16] Adler S S，Afanasiev S，Aidala C，et al.Identified charged particle spectra and yields in Au＋Au collisions at sNN＝200 GeV.Physical Review C，2004，69(3)：034909.
[17] Adcox K，Adler S S，Ajitanand N N，et al.Single identified hadron spectra from sNN＝130 GeV Au＋Au collisions.Physical Review C，2004，69(2)：024904.
[18] Abelev B I，Aggarwal M M，Ahammed Z，et al.Systematic measurements of identified particle spectra in p＋p，d＋Au，and Au＋Au collisions at the STAR detector.Physical Review C，2009，79(3)：034909.
[19] Alver B，Back B B，Baker M D，et al.Charged－particle multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions measured with the PHOBOS detector in Au＋Au，Cu＋Cu，d＋Au，and p＋p collisions at ultrarelativistic energies.Physical Review C，2011，83(2)：024913.
[20] Abbas E，Abelev B，Adam J，et al.Centrality dependence of the pseudorapidity density distribution for charged particles in Pb－Pb collisions at sNN＝2.76 TeV.Physics Letters B，2013，726(4－5)：610－622.
[21] Suzuki N．One－dimensional hydrodynamical model including phase transition.Physical Review C，2010，81(4)：044911.
[22] Jiang Z J，Hui J Q，Zhang Y．The rapidity and thermal motion induced transverse momentum distributions of identified charged particles produced in Au－Au collisions at RHIC energies.arXiv：1611.01247，2016.
[23] Jiang Z J，Li Q G，Zhang H L．Revised Landau hydrodynamic model and the pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles produced in nucleus－nucleus collisions at maximum energy at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.Physical Review C，2013，87(4)：044902.
[24] Sarkisyan E K G，Mishra A N，Sahoo R，et al.Centrality dependence of midrapidity density from GeV to TeV heavy－ion collisions in the effective－energy universality picture of hadroproduction.Physical Review D，2016，94：011501.

[25] Gale C，Jeon S，Schenke B．Hydrodynamic modeling of heavy－ion collisions.International Journal of Modern Physics A，2013，28(11)：1340011.
[26] Heinz U，Snellings R．Collective flow and viscosity in relativistic heavy－ion collisions.Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science，2013，63：123－151.
[27] Bialas A，Peschanski R．Asymmetric(1＋1)－dimensional hydrodynamics in high－energy collisions.Physical Review C，2011，83(5)：054905.　
[28] Beuf G，Peschanski R，Saridakis E N．Entropy flow of a perfect fluid in(1＋1)hydrodynamics.Physical Review C，2008，78(6)：064909.
[29] Gao L N，Chen Y H，Wei H R，et al.Speed of sound parameter from RHIC and LHC heavy－ion data.Advances in High Energy Physics，2013，2013：450247.
[30] Cooper F，Frye G，Schonberg E．Landau’s hydrodynamic model of particle production and electron－positron annihilation into hadrons.Physical Review D，1975，11(1)：192－213.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed