南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 256–.
万晨洁，余益军，张 莉，张晓辉，刘红玲*，于红霞
Wan Chenjie，Yu Yijun，Zhang Li，Zhang Xiaohui，Liu Hongling*，Yu Hongxia
摘要： 综合评估太湖水体中有机污染物短期和长期的生态风险，筛选出潜在风险大、需要重点关注的物质，并基于有机物的敏感生物统计，分析其对太湖生物多样性的影响．通过文献检索，汇总整理了21类232种太湖中有机污染物的浓度水平，其跨度在0.1～6000 ng·L－1之间，其中60%为弱极性有机物(lgKow>3)．借助物种敏感性分布(SSD，Sensitive species distribution)计算潜在受影响的物种比例(PAF，Potential affected fraction)来表征其中104种有机物的急性生态风险和46种有机物的慢性生态风险，大部分有机物的急性风险小于5%，但慢性风险显著大于急性风险，其中有机农药对硫磷(12.96%)、异狄氏剂(14.00%)、六氯苯(6.85%)和甲基对硫磷(7.05%)，多环芳烃苯并[a]芘(7.75%)，雌激素类物质E1(14.83%)、E2(14.96%)和壬基酚(19.76%)慢性风险较大．分析这些有机污染物的影响生物敏感种属，底栖生物、浮游动物、鱼类和昆虫出现频次高，结合太湖近30年来生物多样性变化，初步推测太湖水体有机污染是导致生物多样性变降低的重要原因之一．
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