南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2016, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 816–.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

水下载体的声学定位系统测距误差分析

曹 俊1,2,郑翠娥1,2,孙大军1,2*,张殿伦1,2   

  • 出版日期:2016-09-25 发布日期:2016-09-25
  • 作者简介: 1.哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,哈尔滨,150001;2.哈尔滨工程大学水声技术重点实验室,哈尔滨,150001
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目:国家自然科学基金(61531012),国防基础科学研究计划(B2420133002)
    收稿日期:2016-06-27
    *通讯联系人,E­mail:sundajun@hrbeu.edu.cn

Ranging error analysis of acoustic positioning system for underwater vehicle

Cao Jun1,2,Zheng Cuie1,2,Sun Dajun1,2*,Zhang Dianlun1,2   

  • Online:2016-09-25 Published:2016-09-25
  • About author: 1.College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin,150001,China;2.Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin,150001,China

摘要: 基于单信标测距的定位方法,是水下载体声学定位技术的进一步发展,但是国内外的研究都是基于定位解算方法本身,研究过程中都是给定一个声学定位系统测距误差.本文针对其中的声学测距进行了研究,首次从水声学原理方面着手分析了影响声学测距的误差源以及各误差源对测距误差和定位精度的影响程度.首先分析了声信号传播速度的影响,无论是声速测量误差还是声线弯曲影响,测距误差都表现为一种随水平距离增加而增大的固定误差,水平定位误差在几十厘米的水平;然后分析了声信号传播介质的影响,环境噪声、信号混响和多途会造成信号检测与时延估计误差,测距误差的大小与时延估计误差成正比,水平定位误差与测时误差引起的测距误差大小相当;最后分析了声信号发射接收异步的影响,测距误差的大小既与载体航行速度成正比,也与发射点距信标与航迹垂线的距离成正比,水平定位误差的大小与载体航行速度成正比,载体航行速度1 m·s-1的情况下水平定位误差就达到了几米的水平,必须针对发射接收异步的情况进行补偿.

Abstract: Positioning method based on single beacon ranging is the further development of positioning technology.But most of the researches at home and abroad are based on the positioning algorithm itself,the research process is given an acoustic ranging error.The acoustic ranging is studied in this paper.The error source of acoustic ranging is analyzed from the aspect of the principle of acoustic for the first time.And the influence degree of each error source on the ranging error and positioning accuracy is analyzed.Firstly,the influence of acoustic signal propagation speed is analyzed,the range error is shown as a fixed error which increases with the increase of the horizontal distance,no matter caused by sound velocity measurement error or sound line inversion.Horizontal positioning error is at the level of tens of centimeters.And then analyze the effect of acoustic signal propagation medium.Environmental noise,reverberation and multi­path signal will cause the signal detection and time delay estimation error.The size of time delay estimation error is proportional to the distance error.The horizontal positioning error is about the same as the ranging error.Finally,the influence of acoustic signal transmitting and receiving asynchronous is analyzed.The size of the ranging error is proportional to the speed of the carrier.Horizontal positioning error is relatively large at the level of a few meters.

[1]  Djapic V,Nad D,Ferri G.Novel method for underwater navigation aiding using a companion underwater robot as a guiding platforms.Proceedings of Oceans 2013,2013,1-10.
[2]   Hegrenas O,Gade K,Hagen O K,et al.Underwater transponder positioning and navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles.Proceedings of Oceans,2009,1-7.
[3]   孙大军,郑翠娥.水声导航、定位技术发展趋势探讨.海洋技术学报,2015,34(3):64-65.(Sun D J,Zheng C E.Discussion on development trend of underwater acoustic navigation and positioning technology.Journal of Marine Technology,2015,34(3):64-65.)
[4]   Taek L S.Observability of target tracking with range­only measurement.IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,1999,24(3):383-387.
[5]   Alexander P S.The AUV positioning using ranges from one transponder LBL.Oceans,1996,1620-1623
[6]   Vaganay J,Baccou P,Jouvencel B.Homing by acoustic ranging to a single beacon.Proceedings of Oceans,2000,1457-1462.
[7]   Larsen M B.Synthetic long baseline navigation of underwater vehicles.Proceedings of Oceans,2000,2043-2050.
[8]   刘明雍,李闻白,刘富樯等.基于单信标测距的水下导航系统可观测性分析.西北工业大学学报,2011,29(1):87-92.(Liu M Y,Li W B,Liu F Q,et al.Observability analysis of underwater navigation system based on single beacon ranging.Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2011,29(1):87-92.)
[9]   王久光.基于UTP的UUV远程航海水下位置校准及控制方法研究.硕士学位论文.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2012,38-52.(Wang J G.Underwater position calibration and control for UUV long­distance navigation based on UTP.Master Dissertation.Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2012,38-52.)
[10]   王 璐,刘 忠.基于自适应迭代UKF的纯距离目标定位算法.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(2):503-507.(Wang L,Liu Z.Range­only target location algorithm based on adaptive IUKF.Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(2):503-507.)
[11]   魏征军.坐标系转换参数对实时动态测量(RTK)精度的影响.世界有色金属,2016,83-84.(Wei Z J.Coordinate conversion parameters of real­time dynamic measurement(RTK)influences the accuracy.World Nonferrous Metals,2016,83-84.)
[12]   田 坦,刘国枝,孙大军.声纳技术.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2003,68-70.(Tian T,Liu G Z,Sun D J.Sonar technology.Harbin:Harbin Engineering University Press,2003,68-70.)
[13]   刘伯胜,雷家煜.水声学原理.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2006,109-120.(Liu B S,Lei J Y.Principle of underwater acoustics.Harbin:Harbin Engineering University Press,2006,109-120.)
[14]   高 博,杨士莪,朴胜春.基于信道传播理论的多基地远程海底混响研究.物理学报,2012,61(5):054305.(Gao B,Yang S E,Piao S C.Propagation theory for bistatic long­range bottom reverberation in shallow water waveguide.Acta Physics Sinica,2012,61(5):054305.)
[15]   赵德鑫,李 婷,黄芝平等.无人潜航器舷侧远程目标被动定位方法.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(增刊2):1-6.(Zhao D X,Li T,Huang Z P,et al.(Long­range target localization with passive flank array of unmanned underwater vehicle.Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2013,44(Suppl.2):1-6.)
[16]   姜 婷,张 吟.声线弯曲对水下目标定位的影响及修正方法.水雷战与舰船防护,2015,23(1):36-40.(Jiang T,Zhang Y.Influence and correcting method of ray bending to underwater target location.Mine Warfare & Ship­Defence,2015,23(1):36-40.)
[17]   李 想.水下高速运动目标轨迹测量技术研究.博士学位论文.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,2011,41-52.(Li X.Research on the techniques of underwater high­speed moving target’s trace measuring.Ph.D.Dissertation.Harbin:Harbin Engineering University.College of Under­water Acoustic Engineering,2011,41-52.)
No related articles found!
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!