南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2016, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 771.
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孙为民*
Sun Weimin*
摘要: 核子自旋结构的研究是当前量子色动力学中一个热点问题,在近年来有关这一研究的新进展中,涉及规范场系统的动量角动量算符是否需要规范不变这一根本问题,文献中对此有颇多讨论.本文试图在最简单的规范理论,即自由电磁场理论中,通过将通常协变规范下的c数规范变换自然的扩充成为一类算符规范变换,来探讨这一物理问题的可能认识.从经典理论与量子理论层次对于这种新的算符规范变换的特点与物理推论作了充分的讨论,得出了一些新的结果,这些结果自身就是有着独立物理意义的,也是通常场论教科书中未曾论及的.在此讨论的基础上,分析了自由电磁场理论中能量动量算符与角动量算符的规范不变性这一问题,得出了一些物理上有意义的认识.
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