南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2012, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 266–277.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

 脉状金矿床的成矿压力与深度:流体包裹体
方法及其影响因素*

 徐九华**，张国瑞，魏浩，林龙华，吴晓贵
  

  • 出版日期:2015-06-12 发布日期:2015-06-12
  • 作者简介: (北京科技大学资源工程系，北京，100083)
  • 基金资助:
     全国危机矿山接替资源找矿专项(20109903)，国家自然科学基金项日(40972066)

 Ore-forming pressures and depths of vein gold deposits:
Fluid inclusion studies and their influence factors

 Xu Jiu一hua，Zhang Guo一Rui,Wei Hao ,Lin Long一Hua ,Wu Xiao一Gui 

  

  • Online:2015-06-12 Published:2015-06-12
  • About author: (Department of Resource and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100083，China)

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摘要：  流体包裹体的捕获压力研究是成矿压力和成矿深度估算的常用方法，其结果受多种因素的影响.在综合考虑脉状金矿的地质特征、所研究包裹体体系的基础上，研究了脉状金矿床富金石英脉的成矿压力.该类金矿床富金阶段的最低形成压力范围较宽，从小秦岭烟灰色含金石英脉阶段的270-290MPa、乌拉山含明金石英脉的250 MPa，到东坪富金石英脉的70 - 160 MPa.流体富CO2是脉状金矿一个重要特征，尤其是造山型金矿及与侵入岩有关的金矿，估算其流体捕获压力时应该利用CO2一H2O体系或CO2 - H2O-NaCI体系的压力计方法.压力与CO2部分均一温度(Tm,co2)有明显的负相关关系，反映了CO2密度与压力的密切关系.CO2丰度高且密度较高的金矿床具有较高的成矿压力.为使获得的数据具有可比性，脉状金矿的成矿压力及深度估算应考虑包裹体类型、寄主矿物所处的构造环境、
断裂性质、断裂/矿脉的产状、岩石类型及密度等主要因素.

Abstract:  Trapping pressures of fluid inclusions are commonly used in the estimation of ore-forming pressures and depths, but the results could be affected by various factors.This paper studies the orrforming pressures of gold- rich quartz veins based on comprehensive geologic characteristics of vein gold deposits and fluid inclusion systems. The minimum orrforming pressures of vein gold deposits have a comparatively wide range, which arc from 270一 290 MPa of smoky quartz vein stage for the Lesser Qinling gold deposits, 250 MPa of visible gold-bearing quartz veins for the Wulashan gold deposit，to 70一160 MPa of gold-rich quartz veins for the Dongping gold deposit. Abundant CO2 in fluids is an important feature for vein gold deposits, especially for orogenic gold deposits and
intrusiorrrclated gold deposits. CO2一H2O or CO2一H2O-NaCI system should be used in estimation of trapping pressures of fluid inclusions.There is a significantly negative correlation between pressures and Tm,co2,reflecting a close relationship between densities and pressures. A gold deposit with high-density and high CO2 content has a high ore-forming pressure. In order to obtain comparatively credible data, some important factors should be considered in the estimation of ore-forming pressure sand depth for vein gold deposits, including fluid inclusion types，ore-forming tectonic environment, fracture properties and their occurrence, as well as features and densities of wallrocks.

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