江西一次强风暴过程的敏感性试验*

南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2010, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 261–276.

江西一次强风暴过程的敏感性试验*

姜勇强 1, 2 , 宋金杰 1 **

出版日期:2015-03-30 发布日期:2015-03-30
作者简介: ( 1. 南京大学大气科学学院中尺度灾害性天气教育部重点实验室, 南京, 210093;
2. 解放军理工大学气象学院, 南京, 211101)
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目( 973; 2009CB421502) , 国家自然科学基金( 40775034, 40830958)

Sensitivity experiments of a severe storm in Jiangxi province

J iang Yong-Qiang 1, 2 , Song Jin -Jie 1

Online:2015-03-30 Published:2015-03-30
About author: ( 1. Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/M inistry of Education of China, and School of
Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China;
2. Institute of Meteorology, People. s Liberation Army U niversity of Science and
Technology, Nanjing, 211101, China)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用中尺度 G坐标模式对 2003 年 4 月 12日江西的一次风暴过程进行了数值模拟, 并采用因子分离方法对中尺度地形、地表状态、太阳辐射对降水及风暴的影响进行敏感性试验. 结果表明, 模式对
这次风暴过程的模拟较为成功, 模拟的降水及雨带变化都与实况相近, 模拟的低空中尺度气旋与 TBB云团的形成、演变也比较对应. 这次风暴过程对江西弋阳影响较大, 弋阳的风暴过程是在近地面切变线
上强辐合的动力抬升作用下, 上升气流穿过近地面较薄稳定层进入中低层的不稳定层而加强, 并与从中高层穿越中层相对干冷区的空气在一个倾斜面内交汇而形成的. 中低空 H se 线在弋阳附近上空由准水平
变成近乎垂直状态, 对流稳定度急剧变化, 造成倾斜涡度强烈发展, 对低层中- B尺度气旋的形成起到十分重要的作用. 敏感性试验表明, 当在没有中尺度地形和太阳辐射, 以及改变地表状态的情况下, 降水
和地面中尺度气旋显著减弱. 三个因子不仅单独对降水和地面中尺度气旋及地面气温有重要影响, 而且存在相互作用, 相对来说, 地表状态及其和太阳辐射的相互作用对弋阳的降水有更大的贡献, 采用因子
分离方法可以很好地判断各个因子及其相互作用对降水的强度和位置的影响.

Abstract: A severe storm passed through Jiangxi province on 12 April 2003, resulting in serious disasters with gale, thunder, hail and heavy rainfall. The storm event is numerically simulated by using a regional mesoscale G -
coordinate model, and the impact of mesoscale topography, surface character, and solar radiation on storm precipitation is studied by sensitivity experiments through using factor -separation technique. It is shown that the
severe storm is well numerically simulated, the band character of simulated precipitation is quite similar to that of the obseved, and the formation and evolution of simulated low - level mesocyclones are well corresponding to TBB
( temperature of brightness blackbody). The near -surface shear line produces strong convergence and dynamically raises the low-level air, which ascends through a thin surface stable layer into the instable mid -to -lower layer. This
ascending flow encounters an inclined plane with an upper -level flow which descending across the mid - level relatively dry and cold area. T he quas- i horizontal isolines of mid -to -lower level H se above Yiyang of Jiangxi province turn to be
a near vertical state, in association with rapid changment of convective stability. It results in a strong tilted vorticity development, and triggers the formation of low-level meso - Bcyclones. It is shown that the surface mesocyclones
in the experiment without mesoscale topography and solar radiation will be weaken obviously, in association with a significant reduction of precipitation. These three factors have important influence on the location and intensity of
rainfall and surface mesocyclones. Their mutual interactions have the significant contributions. The rainfall in Yiyang is distinctly affected by the interaction between surface character and solar radiation. T he factor - separation
technique allows for a quantitative isolation of the effects due to several factors, so it can be used to determine the contributions of various physical processes, as well as their mutual interactions.

姜勇强 1, 2 , 宋金杰 1 ** . 江西一次强风暴过程的敏感性试验*

[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 46(3): 261–276.

J iang Yong-Qiang 1, 2 , Song Jin -Jie 1
. Sensitivity experiments of a severe storm in Jiangxi province
[J]. Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences), 2010, 46(3): 261–276.

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