南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (5): 741–749.doi: 10.13232/j.cnki.jnju.2022.05.001

• •    下一篇

台风“罗莎”影响东北冷涡强降水的机理研究

李明珊1,2, 王元兵2, 王元1()   

  1. 1.南京大学大气科学学院, 中尺度灾害性天气教育部重点实验室,南京,210023
    2.气象灾害教育部重点实验室,南京信息工程大学, 南京,210044
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-30 出版日期:2022-09-30 发布日期:2022-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 王元 E-mail:yuanasm@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1507300);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0105);国家自然科学基金(91837207)

Influence of typhoon "Rosa" on the heavy rainfall of Northeast China cold vortex

Mingshan Li1,2, Yuanbing Wang2, Yuan Wang1()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
  • Received:2022-07-30 Online:2022-09-30 Published:2022-09-30
  • Contact: Yuan Wang E-mail:yuanasm@nju.edu.cn

摘要:

利用中尺度数值预报模式对2019年8月15日至17日东北地区一次强降水过程进行数值模拟,通过分析强降水系统的水汽、热力和动力特征,研究台风“罗莎”增强东北冷涡强降水的物理机制.结果表明,冷涡南侧西南气流对渤海、黄海水汽的输送作用,以及冷涡东南侧台风“罗莎”对西太平洋、日本海上水汽的携带作用,作为两支主要水汽输送通道向东北地区提供充足的水汽供应,暖湿空气与干冷空气相互作用形成不稳定层结大气,同时台风“罗莎”导致对流层低层风场辐合增强,激发出强的垂直上升运动作为动力触发机制将不稳定能量释放出来.以上分析表明,有利的水汽、热力及动力条件相互配合,造成本次强降水过程.

关键词: 东北冷涡, 台风“罗莎”, 数值模拟, 层结不稳定

Abstract:

The WRF was used to numerically simulate the heavy rainfall event occurred in Northeast China from August 15 to 17 of 2019. According to the analyses of the water vapor,thermal and dynamical structures of the precipitating system,we investigated the physical mechanism of typhoon "Rosa" in enhancing the Northeast China cold vortex precipitation. The results show two main water vapor channels supplying the heavy rainfall. One is by the southwesterly airflow on the south side of the cold vortex from the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea while the other is by typhoon "Rosa" from the western Pacific and Japan Sea. The cold dry airmass from the inland interacts with the warm moist air from the ocean,forming an unstable stratification. Meanwhile,typhoon "Rosa" leads to an enhancement of convergence in the low?level troposphere,which produces a strong upward motion that helps release the unstable energy. This heavy rainfall event is thus caused by the coupling among these favorable water vapor,thermal and dynamic conditions.

Key words: Northeast China cold vortex, typhoon "Rosa", numerical simulation, unstable stratification

中图分类号: 

  • P441.1

图1

WRF模式模拟区域及模拟区域中的地形分布"

图2

WRF模拟累积日降水(a,b,c)和CMORPH (d,e,f)对比(单位: mm·d-1):(a,d)8月15日,(b,e) 8月16日,(c,f) 8月17日"

图3

ERA5实况500 hPa位势高度(等值线,单位:gpm),850 hPa风矢量场(箭头,单位:m·s-1)以及200 hPa高空急流 (阴影,单位: m·s-1)(a) 09:00 on the 15th,(b) 09:00 on the 16th,(c) 09:00 on the 17th,and (d) 00:00 on the 18th"

图4

模式模拟(a,b,c) 700 hPa相对湿度(阴影,%),风场(箭头,单位:m·s-1) (d,e,f)以及整层大气水汽通量(阴影,单位:kg·(m·s)-1)和其矢量(箭头)(a,d) 03:00 on the 15th,(b,e) 09:00 on the 16th,and (c,f) 03:00 on the 17th"

图5

6 h模拟累积降水量(阴影,单位:mm·(6 h)-1) (a) 15日00时至15日06时,(b) 16日06时至16日12时,(c) 17日00时至17日06时,以及过强降水中心的位温(等值线,单位:K)及相对湿度(阴影,%)垂直剖面图(d) 15日03时,(e) 16日09时,(f) 17日03时(剖面见图5a~c红色线)"

图6

WRF模拟的过强降水中心的假相当位温垂直剖面图(等值线,单位:K)(a) 09:00 on the 16th,(b) 03:00 on the 17th,the red line in Fig.5b~c are the section line"

图7

WRF模拟的过强降水中心的散度场(等值线,单位:10-5·s-1),垂直速度场 (阴影,单位:m·s-1) 垂直剖面图:(a) 15日03时,(b) 16日09时,(c) 17日03时(剖面见图5a~5c红色线)"

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