南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (6): 916–923.doi: 10.13232/j.cnki.jnju.2019.06.004

• 应用矿物学 • 上一篇    下一篇

静态水蚀条件下自然钙华预制块的溶出特性研究

党政1,代群威1(),安超2,彭启轩3,卓曼他2,杨丽君1   

  1. 1. 西南科技大学环境与资源学院，绵阳，621010
    2. 九寨沟国家级自然保护区管理局，阿坝，624000
    3. 黄龙国家级风景名胜区管理局，阿坝，624000
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-14 出版日期:2019-11-30 发布日期:2019-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 代群威 E-mail:qw_dai@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41877288)

Dissolution characteristics of preformed block of natural travertine in hydrostatic environment

Zheng Dang1,Qunwei Dai1(),Chao An2,Qixuan Peng3,Manta Zhuo2,Lijun Yang1   

  1. 1. School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang，621010，China
    2. Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve Administration, Aba，624000, China
    3. Huanglong National Scenic Resort Administrative Burea, Aba，624000, China
  • Received:2019-10-14 Online:2019-11-30 Published:2019-11-29
  • Contact: Qunwei Dai E-mail:qw_dai@163.com

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摘要：

钙华是泉水出露地表时因压力下降导致CO2大量逸出而形成的碳酸盐沉积，可形成独特的地表景观.由于泉水常位于构造活动带，频发的地震、滑坡等自然灾害导致钙华沉积垮塌、独特地貌破坏，泉华景观的快速修复成为亟需技术.针对这一需求研究制备钙华预制块用于原位泉华筑坝，实验分析了20 MPa压力成型的预制块在静水环境下的离子溶出行为及碳酸钙晶体特性.结果显示：胶连剂组和20 MPa组的pH在第4 d后稳定，分别约为12.53和12.30，EC(Electrical Conductivity)值第4 d后上升趋势减缓，结合碳酸相图和钙相分布确定，20 MPa组液相中离子主要为Ca2+，OH-和 C O 3 2 - ；测定不同时间下Ca2+和 C O 3 2 - 等离子的浓度，确定5 d后 C O 3 2 - 浓度能够满足CaCO3(s)的产生；利用扫描电镜(Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM)观察晶体微观形貌，发现5 d后气液接触面上有大量花瓣状晶簇，预制块表面出现针状晶体且向空间延伸生长，180 d后预制块表面长出大量晶体，通过XRD（X?ray Diffraction）确定晶体为方解石.

关键词: 钙　华, 压力成型, 碳酸钙晶体, 钙华景观修复

Abstract:

The travertine is a carbonate deposit formed by CO2 escaping from spring water exposed to the surface due to pressure drop,which can form unique surface landscape. As springs are often located in active tectonic belts,frequent natural disasters,such as earthquakes and landslides,lead to travertine sedimentation collapse and unique landform destruction. Rapid restoration of Quanhua landscape has become urgent technology. In this paper,the travertine prefabricated block is prepared for in?situ restoration of collapsed dams of travertine pools. Dissolution of travertine prefabricated blocks prepared under 20 MPa and derived calcite crystallization were experimentally investigated. Results show that the mean pH value of adhesive groups and 20 MPa groups after 4 days were approximately 12.53 and 12.30,respectively; the EC value of these groups increased slowly after 4 days; combined with the phase distribution diagram of calcium carbonate,it was inferred that ions of 20 MPa group were Ca2+,CO3 2- and OH-. Meanwhile,concentrations of Ca2+ and CO3 2- results indicated calcium carbonate crystal appeared after 5 days. According to SEM pictures,there were a lot of petal shaped druse in interface between gas and liquid phase,needle whisker regrew on block surface and extended to the space after 5 days,and surface of block was covered by crystalline CaCO3 after 180 d. Finally,neocrystal was confirmed as calcite with XRD technology.

Key words: travertine, pressure molding, Calcium carbonate crystal, travertine landscapes repairing

中图分类号: 

  • O783

表1

钙华化学组成分析结果"

钙华 CaO MgO SiO2 SO3 Al2O3 SrO Fe2O3 Na2O 烧失量 (LOI)
含量（wt%） 50.04 0.22 0.19 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.03 0.01 49.30

图1

预制块表面新生晶体及其XRD分析结果"

图2

新生晶体形貌结果 a.液面处5 d晶体；b.预制块表面5 d晶体；c.预制块断面5 d晶体；d.预制块表面180 d晶体"

图3

pH随实验时间的变化"

图4

EC值随时间的变化"

图5

浸泡液中浓度 C O 3 2 - 测量值和计算值随时间的变化"

图6

封闭体系中溶液离子浓度与pH的关系 a.碳酸组分；b.Ca2+组分，初始CT =10-3 mol·L-1,25 ℃"

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