南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (5): 796–803.doi: 10.13232/j.cnki.jnju.2019.05.012

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适用于虚拟低音音质的客观评价方法研究

王旻,林志斌(),卢晶   

  1. 近代声学教育部重点实验室,南京大学声学研究所,南京,210093
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-27 出版日期:2019-09-30 发布日期:2019-11-01
  • 通讯作者: 林志斌 E-mail:zblin@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(11874219)

Research on objective evaluation method for sound quality ofvirtual bass system

Min Wang,Zhibin Lin(),Jing Lu   

  1. Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Acoustics of Nanjing University,Nanjing,210093,China
  • Received:2019-02-27 Online:2019-09-30 Published:2019-11-01
  • Contact: Zhibin Lin E-mail:zblin@nju.edu.cn

摘要:

由于受平板电视扬声器物理尺寸的限制,嵌入其中的扬声器低频重放能力有限,难以回放令人满意的音效.虚拟低音算法通过诱使人脑从高次谐波中感知基频,使扬声器低频性能的主观感受得到提升.对虚拟低音音质的主观评价耗时耗力,基于ITU?R BS.1387建议书(Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality)的模型输出参量(Model Output Variables)、客观等级差异(Objective Difference Grade,ODG)、失真指数(Distortion Index)以及MPEG?7标准中的底层描述符音频频谱重心(Audio Spectrum Centroid,ASC),利用多元线性回归分析方法,提出一种适用于虚拟低音音质的客观评价方法.与单独使用ODG或ASC的客观评价方法相比,多参数优选混合模型的客观评价方法显著提升了主客观相关系数.论文通过实验验证了模型的有效性.

关键词: 虚拟低音, 音频质量评价, 多元线性回归, 多参数优选混合模型

Abstract:

Due to the physical size constraints of flat panel television loudspeakers,low frequency reproduction from these loudspeakers is generally limited and unsatisfactory. The virtual bass algorithm enhances the low frequency performance of the loudspeakers by inducing the human brain to perceive the fundamental frequency from its higher harmonics. The normal subjective listening tests are often time–consuming. In this paper,we introduce an objective evaluation method for virtual bass algorithms based on the Model Output Variables (MOVs),the Objective Difference Grade (ODG),and the Distortion Index (DI) from the ITU Recommendation ITU?R BS.1387,as well as the Audio Spectrum Centroid (ASC),one of the low?level descriptors in MPEG?7 standard. The multiple linear regression analysis method is utilized to exploit these metrics. Compared with the objective evaluation method merely by ODG or ASC,the correlation coefficient between subjective and objective results has been significantly improved by this multi?parameter optimization hybrid model. The efficacy of the proposed method is validated by experiments.

Key words: virtual bass, audio quality evaluation, multiple linear regression, multi?parameter optimization hybrid model

中图分类号: 

  • O429

表1

丰满度评分表"

丰满度 极度 非常 有些 都不是 有些 非常 极度
单薄 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 丰满

表2

力度评分表"

力度 极度 非常 有些 都不是 有些 非常 极度
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

表3

音频材料"

名 称 时 长(s)
Piano Beat 23
渡 口 31
渡口前奏 13
光辉岁月 19
被遗忘的时光 33
炎黄第一鼓片段一 24
炎黄第一鼓片段二 23

表4

力度、丰满度主观试听实验评价均分"

编 号 名 称 力 度 丰满度
P1 Piano Beat 7 35.80 37.60
P2 Piano Beat 10 61.96 63.74
P3 渡口7 33.33 35.20
P4 渡口10 59.83 59.20
P5 渡口前奏10 62.12 54.63
P6 光辉岁月10 42.35 36.67
P7 被遗忘的时光10 29.46 42.83
P8 炎黄第一鼓片段一10 40.90 44.42
P9 炎黄第一鼓片段二10 44.01 48.01

图1

力度、丰满度主观试听实验评价均分(95%置信区间)"

表5

模型输出参量MOVs"

MOVs 各参量含义
BandwidthRef 参考信号带宽
BandwidthTest 测试信号带宽
TotalNMR 总信掩比
WinModDiff1 窗选平均调制差异
ADB 总失真与总严重失真比的对数值
EHS 误差谐波结构
AvgModDiff1 平均调制差异1
AvgModDiff2 平均调制差异2
RmsNoiseLoud 平均噪声响度的均方根值
MFPD 检测到失真存在的最大滤波概率
RelDistFrames 受干扰帧的相对分数

表6

丰满度模型摘要"

R R 调整后R 标准估算的误差
0.923 0.852 0.802 4.571

表7

丰满度模型方差分析"

模型 平方和 自由度 均方 F 显著性
回归 721.008 2 360.504 17.251 0.003
残差 125.382 6 20.897
总计 846.390 8

表8

力度模型摘要"

R R 调整后R 标准估算的误差
0.999 0.998 0.995 0.918

表9

力度模型方差分析"

模型 平方和 自由度 均方 F 显著性
回归 1282.414 5 256.483 304.567 0.000
残差 2.526 3 0.842
总计 1284.941 8

表10

客观评价方法的主客观皮尔逊相关性系数和双尾显著性(括号内的数)比较"

ODG ASC Cr Cs
丰满度 -0.837(0.005) 0.596(0.090) 0.923(0.003) 0
力度 -0.688(0.041) 0.357(0.346) 0 0.999(0.000)

表11

验证集与模型之间的拟合优度"

1 2 3
R r 2 0.932 0.975 0.851
R s 2 0.962 0.952 0.872
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