南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 109.
陈晓乾1,陈 莹1,李睿奇2,张怡童3,彭瑞宏4,庄 桥1*
Chen Xiaoqian1,Chen Ying1,Li Ruiqi2,Zhang Yitong3,Peng Ruihong4,Zhuang Qiao1*
摘要: 大足鼠耳蝠在导航和探测空间物体方位和距离的回声定位过程中,通过嘴巴发出超声波,并不断改变嘴巴张角的大小.利用微型X射线断层扫描仪得到大足鼠耳蝠的头部断层图像,对图像进行高斯滤波和二值化处理,利用三维重构技术获得原始头部结构的三维数字模型,通过数字形变方法得到不同嘴巴张角的头部模型,最后利用数值方法对各个数字结构进行声场计算,得到近场声压幅度分布图和远场辐射波瓣图.研究结果表明:大足鼠耳蝠可以通过改变嘴巴张开的角度来调整发射声场的方向性.在一定的张开角度下,辐射声波的频率越高,辐射波束的方向性就越强,而在一定的频率下,辐射波束的方向性随着嘴巴张开角度的增加而增加.大足鼠耳蝠通过调节嘴巴开合的角度改变辐射波瓣图,以提高其在飞行和捕食过程中的定位能力.
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