南京大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2015, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 499.
毛敏娟1*,孟燕军2 ,齐 冰3
Mao Minjuan1*, Meng Yanjun2, Qi Bing3
摘要: 本文以浙江省城市(主要指杭州)为研究区域,利用大气成分观测数据,通过对比、相关分析研究了浙江省城市的大气污染特性。研究结果表明,2011-2013年间,杭州PM2.5和NO2月均质量浓度均呈上升趋势,增幅皆为10 ?g.m-3左右,PM10和SO2则呈下降趋势,PM10降幅微弱,SO2降幅为8 ?g.m-3左右。PM1、PM2.5、PM10质量浓度与大气消光系数之间相关系数为0.73、0.83和0.74,其中粒径为0.25-1.0 ?m的粒子对大气消光系数的贡献率最大,达到66.4%, 1.0-2.5 ?m粒子为23.2%,大于2.5 ?m 的粗粒子仅为10.4%。与临安相比,杭州NO2日均浓度超标日数多了50天左右。杭州大气气溶胶中占主导地位的无机水溶性离子依次为NO3-、NH4+和SO42-,它们占到总水溶性离子浓度的52.66-96.61%,与北京、广州等地区SO42- > NO3-的研究结果明显不同。NO3-、NH4+浓度季节变化特点与NO2相似,而且NO3-和NH4+具有较好的相关性,SO42-与SO2浓度季节变化特点则不同。受夏季主导风向的影响,这一季节Na+和Cl-浓度最高,而秋季明显偏高的K+浓度是长三角秋季秸秆焚烧现象的指示。
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